Skip to main content
Canna~Fangled Abstracts

The Endocannabinoid System in the Mediterranean Mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis: Possible Mediators of the Immune Activity?

By May 7, 2021June 6th, 2021No Comments
. 2021 May 7;22(9):4954.

doi: 10.3390/ijms22094954.

Francesco Mosca 1, Osvaldo Zarivi 2, Natalia Battista 3, Mauro Maccarrone 4 5, Pietro Giorgio Tiscar 1
Affiliations 

Free PMC article

Abstract

Anandamide (AEA) is one of the best characterized members of the endocannabinoid family and its involvement in many pathophysiological processes has been well documented in vertebrates and invertebrates. Here, we report the biochemical and functional characterization of key elements of the endocannabinoid system in hemocytes isolated from the Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. We also show the effects of exogenous AEA, as well as of capsaicin, on the cell ability to migrate and to activate the respiratory burst, upon in vitro stimulation of phagocytosis. Interestingly, our findings show that both AEA and capsaicin suppress the hemocyte response and that the use of selective antagonists of CB2 and TRPV1 receptors revert their inhibitory effects. Overall, present data support previous evidence on the presence of endocannabinoid signaling in mollusks and advance our knowledge about the evolutionary origins of this endogenous system and its role in the innate response of mollusks.

 

Keywords: anandamide, cannabinoid receptors, evolution, hemocytes, mussel, vanilloid receptors

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

References

    1. Iannotti F.A., Di Marzo V. The gut microbiome, endocannabinoids and metabolic disorders. J. Endocrinol. 2021;248:R83–R97. doi: 10.1530/JOE-20-0444. – DOI – PubMed
    1. Maccarrone M. Metabolism of the Endocannabinoid Anandamide: Open Questions after 25 Years. Front. Mol. Neurosci. 2017;10:166. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00166. – DOI – PMC – PubMed
    1. Baggelaar M.P., Maccarrone M., van der Stelt M. 2-Arachidonoylglycerol: A signaling lipid with manifold actions in the brain. Prog. Lipid Res. 2018;71:1–17. doi: 10.1016/j.plipres.2018.05.002. – DOI – PubMed
    1. Solorzano C., Zhu C., Battista N., Astarita G., Lodola A., Rivara S., Mor M., Russo R., Maccarrone M., Antonietti F., et al. Selective N-acylethanolamine-hydrolyzing acid amidase inhibition reveals a key role for endogenous palmitoylethanolamide in inflammation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 2009;106:20966–20971. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0907417106. – DOI – PMC – PubMed
    1. Maccarrone M. Missing Pieces to the Endocannabinoid Puzzle. Trends Mol. Med. 2020;26:263–272. doi: 10.1016/j.molmed.2019.11.002. – DOI – PubMed

LinkOut – more resources

Leave a Reply