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N-acyl amines of docosahexaenoic acid and other n–3 polyunsatured fatty acids – from fishy endocannabinoids to potential leads

By May 28, 2013No Comments

 
 

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N-acyl amines of docosahexaenoic acid and other n–3 polyunsatured fatty acids – from fishy endocannabinoids to potential leads

  1. Jocelijn Meijerink,
  2. Michiel Balvers,
  3. Renger Witkamp*

Article first published online: 27 MAY 2013

DOI: 10.1111/bph.12030

Issue

British Journal of Pharmacology

British Journal of Pharmacology

Volume 169, Issue 4, pages 772–783, June 2013

Keywords:

  • endocannabinoid system;
  • n-3;
  • PUFA, DHA, EPA;
  • fish oil
N–3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n–3 LC-PUFAs), in particular α-linolenic acid (18:3n-3), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6n-3) are receiving much attention because of their presumed beneficial health effects. To explain these, a variety of mechanisms have been proposed, but their interactions with the endocannabinoid system have received relatively little attention so far. However, it has already been shown some time ago that consumption of n–3 LC-PUFAs not only affects the synthesis of prototypic endocannabinoids like anandamide but also stimulates the formation of specific n–3 LC-PUFA-derived conjugates with ethanolamine, dopamine, serotonin or other amines. Some of these fatty amides show overlapping biological activities with those of typical endocannabinoids, whereas others possess distinct and sometimes largely unknown receptor affinities and other properties. The ethanolamine and dopamine conjugates of DHA have been the most investigated thus far. These mediators may provide promising new leads to the field of inflammatory and neurological disorders and for other pharmacological applications, including their use as carrier molecules for neurotransmitters to target the brain. Furthermore, combinations of n–3 LC-PUFA-derived fatty acid amides, their precursors and FAAH inhibitors offer possibilities to optimise their effects in health and disease.
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Linked Articles

This article is part of a themed section on Cannabinoids. To view the other articles in this section visithttp://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bph.2013.169.issue-4 & http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bph.2012.167.issue-8
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http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.12030/abstract