Abstract
Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system characterized by neuroinflammation leading to demyelination. The associated symptoms lead to a devastating decrease in quality of life. The cannabinoids and their derivatives have emerged as an encouraging alternative due to their management of symptom in MS.
Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the mechanism of action of cannabidiol (CBD), a nonpsychoactive cannabinoid, on molecular and cellular events associated with leukocyte recruitment induced by experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE).
Materials and Methods: C57BL/6 female mice were randomly assigned to the four experimental groups: C (control group), CBD (cannabidiol-treated group, 5 mg/kg i.p.; 14 days), EAE (experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis-induced group), and EAE+CBD (experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis-induced plus cannabidiol-treated group).
Results: The results indicated that 5 mg/kg of CBD injected intraperitoneally between the 1st and 14th days of EAE could reduce the leukocyte rolling and adhesion into the spinal cord microvasculature as well cellular tissue infiltration. These results were supported by a decreased mRNA expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in the spinal cord.
Conclusion: Purified CBD reduces in vivo VCAM and ICAM-mediated leukocyte recruitment to the spinal cord microvasculature at EAE peak disease.
Keywords: cannabidiol, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, leukocyte recruitment, multiple sclerosis
Similar articles
-
Cannabidiol Attenuates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Model of Multiple Sclerosis Through Induction of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells.Front Immunol. 2018 Aug 3;9:1782. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01782. eCollection 2018.PMID: 30123217 Free PMC article.
-
A new formulation of cannabidiol in cream shows therapeutic effects in a mouse model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.Daru. 2015 Oct 21;23:48. doi: 10.1186/s40199-015-0131-8.PMID: 26489494 Free PMC article.
-
Combination of Cannabinoids, Δ9- Tetrahydrocannabinol and Cannabidiol, Ameliorates Experimental Multiple Sclerosis by Suppressing Neuroinflammation Through Regulation of miRNA-Mediated Signaling Pathways.Front Immunol. 2019 Aug 21;10:1921. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01921. eCollection 2019.PMID: 31497013 Free PMC article.
-
A Critical Review of the Role of the Cannabinoid Compounds Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) and Cannabidiol (CBD) and their Combination in Multiple Sclerosis Treatment.Molecules. 2020 Oct 25;25(21):4930. doi: 10.3390/molecules25214930.PMID: 33113776 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Neurological Benefits, Clinical Challenges, and Neuropathologic Promise of Medical Marijuana: A Systematic Review of Cannabinoid Effects in Multiple Sclerosis and Experimental Models of Demyelination.Biomedicines. 2022 Feb 24;10(3):539. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines10030539.PMID: 35327341 Free PMC article. Review.