doi: 10.3390/ani15101393.
Effects of Cannabidiol Oil on Anesthetic Requirements in Cats: MAC Determination and Serum Profiling via Nanoscale Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry
- PMID: 40427271
- DOI: 10.3390/ani15101393
Free article
Abstract
Cannabidiol (CBD), a non-psychotropic cannabinoid derived from Cannabis plants, is increasingly explored for its potential therapeutic applications in veterinary medicine. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of CBD oil on the minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane (MACiso) in cats. Sixteen healthy cats underwent isoflurane anesthesia, and the MACiso was determined using the tail-clamping technique both at baseline and 30 min after the administration of CBD oil (2 mg/kg) via a stomach tube. CBD administration resulted in a significant 11% reduction in the MACiso, from 1.77 ± 0.14% to 1.62 ± 0.21% (p < 0.001). Following CBD administration, heart and respiratory rates were elevated at the time of MACiso determination compared to baseline whereas other physiological parameters remained unchanged. Serum biochemical analysis conducted two weeks post administration revealed a significant decrease in blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels while one cat exhibited a mild increase in alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Proteomic analysis identified 12 CBD-associated proteins in feline serum 30 min post administration, with CBDA and THCA synthases demonstrating significant upregulation.
These findings indicate that CBD oil reduces anesthetic requirements in cats without inducing significant physiological disturbances. Further research is warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of CBD’s anesthetic-sparing effects and its implications in veterinary anesthesia.
Keywords: anesthetic requirement, cannabidiol, cat, isoflurane, minimum alveolar concentration, proteomic analysis
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Wares of Wisdom
This study reinforces CBD’s potential as an anesthetic-sparing agent in feline care. A single 2 mg/kg oral dose lowered isoflurane requirements by 11%, reducing the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) without compromising vital signs. Importantly, this was achieved without inducing arrhythmias, hypotension, or hypoxia; hallmarks of safer anesthesia. While mild increases in heart and respiratory rate were observed, they remained within healthy limits, suggesting reduced anesthetic load may lessen cardiopulmonary strain.
On a molecular level, nanoLC-MS/MS revealed a surge in key cannabinoid synthase proteins, THCA and CBDA synthases, supporting biological activity even when CBD was below serum detection thresholds. This early proteomic engagement suggests that CBD initiates measurable systemic effects in as little as 30 minutes, contributing to sedation and anesthetic modulation. Together, these findings provide a new lens through which to view CBD: not just as a wellness supplement, but as a precision tool in veterinary pharmacology. With its ability to reduce drug exposure while enhancing physiological stability, CBD may open safer doors for both routine and high-risk feline procedures.
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